How the ranking is created:

The S&P 500 companies are percentile ranked against their industry peers on the 11 KPIs used in Corporate Knights Capital’s research model (data are collected by Corporate Knights Capital and verified with the BLOOMBERG PROFESSIONAL® service).

The 11 proven KPIs:

Energy Productivity: Revenue per gigajoule of energy consumption.

Carbon Productivity: Revenue per metric tonne of direct/indirect GHG emissions.

Water Productivity: Revenue per cubic meter of water withdrawal.

Waste Productivity: Revenue per metric tonne of produced waste.

Leadership Diversity: Percentage of women and visible minority on board of directors.

Clean Capitalism Pay Link: At least one senior executive's compensation tied to clean capitalism-themed performance targets.

% Tax Paid: Percentage of reported tax obligation paid in tax.

CEO-Average Worker Pay: How much more CEO gets paid (expressed as a multiple) compared to average worker.

Safety Productivity: Revenue divided by (lost-time incidents * $1K + fatalities * $1M)

Innovation Capacity: Revenue per R&D dollar spent (3-year average)

Employee Turnover: Percentage of employees that voluntarily leave the company